5.b.i. [Mental element for Element 3][Consequence of humiliating, degrading, or otherwise violating dignity]: The perpetrator meant to cause the humiliation, degradation or violation of the dignity of one or more persons; OR

5.b.i. [Mental element for Element 3][Consequence of humiliating, degrading, or otherwise violating dignity]: The perpetrator meant to cause the humiliation, degradation or violation of the dignity of one or more persons; OR

In Katanga and Chui, the Pre-Trial Chamber held that:

"Article 30 of the Statute provides the subjective element of the war crime of article 8(2)(b)(xxi), requiring that the perpetrator has intent and knowledge about the grave acts of humiliation, degradation, or violation of the victim's personal dignity. This subjective element includes, first and foremost, dolus directus of the first degree and dolus directus of the second degree."[1]